Note: The information provided here applies to routine Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) procedures under standard conditions. However, specifics may vary depending on individual patient factors, such as the severity of sinus disease, patient tolerance, or any complications that might arise during or after the surgery. The patient’s overall health, the complexity of the procedure, and the need for additional interventions can also influence the surgery and recovery process.

Inpatient/Outpatient
FESS is typically performed as an outpatient procedure. This means that most patients can return home the same day after a short observation period. In some cases, particularly if extensive sinus surgery is performed or if there are concerns about post-operative complications, an overnight stay may be required for closer monitoring.

Hospital Stay Duration
Patients undergoing FESS generally do not require an overnight hospital stay unless there are complications or other medical conditions that necessitate extended monitoring. The surgery itself usually takes about 1 to 3 hours, depending on the complexity of the sinus disease and whether additional procedures are performed. Patients are typically discharged within a few hours after the procedure, once they are fully awake and stable.

Type of Anesthesia
FESS is performed under general anesthesia, meaning the patient will be fully unconscious during the surgery. In some cases, local anesthesia with sedation may be used, allowing the patient to remain relaxed and comfortable while still conscious. The choice of anesthesia depends on the patient’s preference and the surgeon’s recommendation.

Travel After Procedure
Patients are generally advised to avoid travel, particularly long-distance or air travel, for at least 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This allows time for initial recovery and monitoring for any potential complications, such as bleeding or swelling. Patients should follow specific recommendations from their healthcare provider regarding travel and activity levels based on their recovery progress.

Pre-procedure Preparation
Preparation for FESS typically involves following specific guidelines provided by the healthcare provider. Patients may be advised to avoid eating or drinking for several hours before the surgery, typically after midnight the night before the procedure. It is also important to inform the surgical team of any medications the patient is taking, particularly blood thinners, as these may need to be adjusted before surgery. Smoking should be avoided to enhance healing and reduce the risk of complications. Pre-operative imaging studies, such as a CT scan, are often required to plan the surgery.

Procedure Duration
The FESS procedure typically takes about 1 to 3 hours. During the surgery, an endoscope is inserted through the nostrils to visualize the sinuses. The surgeon uses specialized instruments to remove blockages, polyps, or damaged tissue to restore normal drainage and function of the sinuses. The goal is to improve airflow, reduce the frequency and severity of sinus infections, and alleviate symptoms such as congestion and facial pain. Depending on the patient’s condition, other procedures, such as septoplasty or turbinate reduction, may be performed simultaneously.

Recovery Time
Recovery from FESS can take 1 to 2 weeks. Most patients experience nasal congestion, mild pain, and swelling during the initial recovery period. Some nasal discharge or mild bleeding is common for the first few days after surgery. Patients are usually advised to avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and bending over for at least 2 weeks to minimize the risk of bleeding. Sleeping with the head elevated and using saline sprays can help reduce swelling and discomfort. Full recovery, including the resolution of swelling and improvement in sinus function, can take several weeks to a few months.

Estimated Cost
The cost of FESS can vary depending on the hospital, geographic location, and whether the procedure is performed as part of a broader treatment plan. For accurate cost information, patients should contact their healthcare provider or hospital directly.

Post-procedure Care
Post-procedure care for FESS involves managing pain, preventing infection, and ensuring proper healing. Patients are usually prescribed pain relievers and may be given antibiotics to prevent infection. It is important to follow the healthcare provider’s instructions on how to care for the nose and sinuses after surgery, including regular saline irrigation to keep the nasal passages clean and moist. Follow-up appointments are essential to monitor healing, remove any packing or splints, and assess the overall success of the surgery. In the case of any severe pain, fever, significant bleeding, or difficulty breathing, patients should seek immediate medical attention.